Sunday, 7 October 2018

Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘I am the LORD your God. – Leviticus 18:2


Today’s Scripture Reading (October 7, 2018): Leviticus 18

Our traditional understanding is that Moses wrote the Books of Moses (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy); the one who met with God face to face. Critics have pushed back on this ancient tradition. And part of the problem is that portions of these five books are written with different voices and styles, often using different words for God, and that would seem to indicate that different people, or groups of people, wrote them.

The other side of the problem is that the books originated in what was essentially an oral culture. And because we don’t understand oral cultures, we misunderstand ancient writing. For us, the only way to protect the integrity of the message is to write it down. We don’t memorize as much as ancient cultures did. When the books of Moses were first conceived, the literacy rate of the people would have been very low. The message would have been protected through memorizing of the message and then passing it down to the next generation, who would, in turn, memorize it, share it, and provide the message to be memorized for the generation that followed them. And they valued and practiced this kind of memorization. Vast amounts of information were simply known and repeated in a way that we can’t imagine.

But at some point, this information had to be written down to be protected. And it is at this point that we begin to find the different voices of the book that we now possess. The traditional author may well have been Moses, or the tradition the sprung out of his leadership. But it was several groups who later committed to putting the message down in written form.

Biblical critics argue over this section of Leviticus. Leviticus 17 – 26 seems to have a different feel from the rest of the book. It is marked by the repetition of the words “I am the Lord your God,” “I, the Lord, am Holy,” or some variant of the formula. It also tends to revert to more of a list of commands with many of the laws being presented in a brief form and packed tightly together.

We have called this section “The Holiness Code.” And the problem, no matter how this section of the law came to be, is that there is no explanation here for the regulations. We know that these behaviors are wrong, but not necessarily why. So the reality is that we have treated this section of the law differently. Some of this law we follow voraciously; for example, the notes on sexual practice. Others, such as shaving restrictions and a prohibition on tattooing, we readily ignore. And in the end, it is our inconsistent handling of this section of the law that might be the most problematic.

The other thing that we need to understand is that this, along with the Ten Commandments, might have been the earliest portions of the law that was committed to writing. The message, applied to all of the brief laws in this section, is very simple. You are to follow these laws because “I am the Lord” and I have left you with these instructions. And it is with those words in the back of our mind that we need to read this list of instructions.

Tomorrow’s Scripture Reading: Leviticus 19

No comments:

Post a Comment